Strip material winding apparatus



y 6, 1953 1.. A. TROFIMOV- 2,639,868

STRIP MATERIAL WINDING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 29, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l1'04 i I05w IN VEN TOR.

Lel/ 7/ 0/7 7 M y 1-953 'A. TROFIMOV 2,639,868

STRIP MATERIAL WINDING APPARATUS V Filed Nov; 29, 1951 I v 2 neeis-snerzI INVENTOIIITII v Lez iimQvqr 147' TOENE Y.

Patented May 26, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,639,868- A A STRIPMATERIAL WINDINGAPPABATI IS' Lev A. Trofimov, Willoug hby,

Application November 29, 1951, Serial No. 258. 904

16 Claims.

This invention relates to winding apparatus for Winding strip materialon a drum or the like;

' The invention is particularly applicable to unwinding strip materialfrom a coil on a supply drum or the like, and rewinding it in a coil onanother drum or the like, and will hereinafter be described as appliedto that use.

There are well known uses for such apparatus in various industrial arts.

Apparatus of this class has been proposed heretofore; but problems havearisen which have not been satisfactorily solved by such priorapparatus.

Among such problems has been that of maintaining a desired tension inthe strip being wound and a desired speed of winding, the problemoriginating in the increasing diameter of the roll as winding goes on.

It is desirable for a single apparatus to be usable to rewind variousdifferent kinds of material at different times. Some materials dictate alow speed, whereas others may advantageously be wound at high speed;andsome materials require high tension in the strip being rewound, andsuch tension in strips of other materials cannot be permitted.

In some prior apparatus of this class, adjustments of strip speed andtension have been proposed, but the provision of adjustments that can beaccurately and sensitively made and that will thereafter remain fixed,particularly adjustments of strip tension and speed independently ofeach other, whereby any desired tension maybe had at any desired speedand over wide ranges of tension and speed, has not been satisfactorilyaccomplished in prior apparatus.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus of theclass referred to which overcomes the foregoing and other objections toprior apparatus.

Another object is to provide a strip winding apparatus having improvedmeans for adjusting the strip speed, and for maintaining it constant.

Another object is to provide a strip winding apparatus having improvedmeans for adjusting the strip tension and for maintaining it constant.

Another object is to provide a strip winding apparatus having improvedmeans for adjusting the speed and tension of strip material being wound,either one alone and independently of the other, or both concurrently.

Another object is to provide improved power means for drivingthe-winding drum of a strip Winding apparatus.

Another object is tov provide improved means fortensioning stripmaterial while being Wound.

Another object is. to provide improved means for automaticallycontrollingwthe tension of strip materialbeing wound,'.responsive tospeed ofthe strip..- I

"Another object is toprovide, in a strip winding apparatus, stripspeed-controlling means comprising improved .adjustable speed-referencemeans.

With these objects in view, and. others that will occur to. thoseskilled inthe art which will become apparent hereinafter, the apparatusin an illustrative embodiment of the. invention and to be described indetail, comprisesgenerally speaking, the following parts.

A power. unit drives. a: winding-drum to wind strip. thereon, drawing.it from a supply drum on which it has been previously wound. The powerunit is of a type that has such torque-speed'characteristics' that ifits output torque rises, its output speed falls; and vice versa; so thatgeneral, when the delivered torque is high, the speed is low, and viceversa; and the unit will deliver torque over a widerange from maximumtorque at zero speed to substantially zero torque at maximum speed. Forany delivered output torque the outer circumference of the coil beingwound,

so that regardless of increase of diameter of the coil as winding goes.on, if constant torque is applied to the coil, it is converted intoconstant tangential pull longitudinally of the strip material asit'approaches the winding drum.

This pull or longitudinal force'on the strip reacts upon the unwindingdrum from which the material is being drawn, and rotates it; and therotation of the unwinding drum is retarded by a braking apparatus; andit is by this means that torqueoutput of the power unit produces tensionin the strip.'-

Strip speed responsive apparatus is provided actuated by the speedof'the strip to vary the braking action on the unwinding drum, tendingto increase the. braking action upon an increase of strip speed anddecrease it upon a decrease of strip speed.

A speed-reference power unit isprovided having'a fixed output speedwhich can be preset by adjustment at any. desired-fixedspeed.

- The braking action on thewound drum produced by the. brakingapparatus, responds jointly tothebconstant set speed :of. the speedreference unit and to the speed of the strip, whereby the strip speed ismaintained constant, and the value of the constant speed can beselectively adjusted.

With the speed reference unit adjusted for strip speed of some selectedconstant value, the torque of the power unit corresponding to that speedwill develop constant tension in the strip of a corresponding value.Upon adjusting the power unit to change its torque output at that speed,the-tension inthe' strip-may be adjusted without changing its speed;whereby for any chosen speed of winding, the strip may be wound with anydesired tension. And by adjusting both the speed reference unit and 'thetorque of'the power unit, the strip may be wound at any desired speedand any desired tension; whereby, a; given apparatus may be adjustedto'wind-at 'low strip speed and high tension, or high strip speed andlow tension, or at any intermediate values of speed and tension, over awide range of speed and te'nsion; to adapttheappa'ratus to therequirements of diiferentmateria'ls.

- The adjustment means of thespeed reference unit and that of the powerunit are interconnec't'edso that the strip can 'be' woundat apreselectedtension atone-speed and then the speed changed withoutchanging" the tension.

' The invention is described generally in the foregoing andan embodimentthereof will be described in detailybut the: actual invention is thatset forth in the appendedclaims.

The said =preferred embodiment is fully disclosed in thefollowingdescription taken with the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1-'is a view-illustrating somewhat diagrammatically the saidembodiment of'the invention;

Fig. 21s a fragmentary view'of a part of Fig. 1, illustrating amodification;

'Fig. 3 is'a'fragmentaryview of a part of Fig. 1 illustrating adifferent application of the invention.

The diagrammatic drawing-illustrates rotary gears,- shafts'etc but thebearings therefor have heed-omittedforfisimplification; :and as beingknown: and understood.

There 'is' shown' at" I a'drum rotatably supported-'=on= a shaft" Z and'havi-ng'acoil 3 of strip material 4"wound 'thereon; the stripe leavingthe coil tangentially'and going over a cylindrical roll 5 ona'sh'aft fi,then-betweenthe roll 5 and a roll l-"on a shaft 8; and between the rollI and a roll 9; and-therebeyond as shownis being wound in'a coillfl'ona' winding drum I l.

r The roll 9 is supported by a shaft l2, and the rolls 5 and Taremaintaineddn'vertical alignment by guides not shown, and are helddownwardly by gravity or by=spring means I3 or other suitable meansnotshown but well known; and thereby the strip 4 is gripped between therolls 5--'! and 1-9.

By this means when the strip 4 is being wound on-thedrum H and moveslinearly through the rolls, it drives the roll 9, and is prevented fromslipping thereon and" thereby drives'the shaft l2, always at a speedcorresponding to the linear speed'of the strip 4.

-The coil 80 at i-ts outside perimeterrests by gravity upon a pair ofspaced cylindrical rolls, l4l5 of equal diameter, mounted on 'shaftsl6--|l. "The roll '14- is driven directly by power supplied to the shaftl6; and by means of like gears l8'l9 on'theshafts lG- -l'l meshed withanintermediate gearZB, the .roll' is driven; and therefore both' rolls"l4'l5 'are'driven at the same'speed and in the same direction;' and the4 rolls M-l5 rotatably drive the coil I 0 by frictional contact with itsperiphery.

The rolls M and I5 are part of a driving powerunit shown generally at Aand comprising a motor 2 I, running continuously at substantiallyconstant speed, a squirrel cage induction motor as shown beingpreferred; and comprising a differential gear transmission indicatedgenerally at B, transmitting motor power to the shaft [6.

'-'-The transmission B comprises tWddifierentiaI gearings C and D;preferably alike. The gearing C comprises a spider gear element 23,rotatably supporting pinion gears 242'4, meshed with two differentialgears 25 and 2 6.

The gearing D comprises a spider gear element -21, rotatably "supportingpinions 28-48, meshed with two differential gears 29 and 30.

A shaft 31 connects a gear 32 to the differential gear25; a shaft 33connects the differential gear 29 to a gear 34; and the' two gears 32and 34 are meshedwithan intermediate gear. 35 on -.-the shaftl6.

The two-spider elements 23 and 2'! are preferablyof the same diameter,and. have teeth on their 'per-imeters, meshed together at 36; and apinion 3l on a shaft38 of the motor 2| meshed with the spider element21; whereby the motor drives bothspiden elements 21 -23, in oppositedirections at the same speed.

The differential gears 2630 are connected re spectively by --shafts 39-40 .to electrodynamic units ll-42 having the constructionof directcurrent generators.

Thegeneratorshave a local closed series load circuit connected to theirbrushes, comprising wires 43-44.

The generators Mfi2 are preferably alike and have separatelyexcitedfield windings 45- 46 respectively .energized -at the same polarity fromdirect current mains 41-48, through 'rheostats 49 5El; .thepath. of thecurrent for the field winding 46 being from the main 47, through amovable rotary contact; 5| ofthe rheostat 49 and a part of its resistor52 by wire 53 "through a rotary contact'5 i of 'the rheostat 50 and partof its resistor 55, by wire 56 through field winding 46 and back by wire5'! to the main '48; and the current path for the field winding l5-beingfrom the main 4'! as before-to the contact 54 of rheostat 5D and part ofits resistor 55,'then by wire'58, through field winding 45 and back byWire 59 to themain 48.

'At E .is a differentialv gearing, comprising a spider element 60,rotatably supporting pinions 5|'-6l, meshed with d'iiferential gears6253, the differentialgear 62 being connected to the shaft l2 and driventhereby.

The spider element'fi!) has peripheral teeth meshed with a gear 64 on ashaft 65 connected to a gear 56 meshed with a gear 51 connected to ash'aftpfi; and rotation of "thespider element fill thus drives theshaft68.

At F is a "brake mechanism for the wound drum I, comprising a brakedrum"69 on the shaft 2, a brake shoe 78 held against the brake drum l9bya pivoted'armll and a spring l2 between the arm and the brake shoe;and a cam 13-011 the shaft 68, upon alternaterotation' thereof, rocksthe arm'll to produce variable'braking effect onthe drum 69 by theshoe'lll.

At G is shown generally a speed reference unit. It comprises "adifferential gearing H having a spider element 14, rotatably supportingpinions l5, meshed with differential gears Hi-"l7; "and comprises-avariable speed transmission unit shown generally at I' comprising apairof parallelshafts '18-'49 having expansible" and contractable beltpulleys 808|'splined thereto connected by a-belt 82, and operable tobeoppositely'contractedand expanded axially, by rocking levers 83 -84pivot ally supported at 85-85 and engaging the pulleys 808| on oppositesides ofthe pivots; the levers 8384 extending beyond' the pulley 80andengaged with threaded nuts Bf-88 "on a'screw 89 having right hand andlefthand threads till-9|; whereby upon rotation of the screw 89, thenuts 81-88 will be propelled oppositely along the screw, and the levers83-84 will be oppositely rocked, and expand the diameter of one of thepulleys 80'8| and contract that of the other, to change their-relativediameters and speed ratio. A powerinput motor 82, preferably onethatruns at substantiallyconstant speed, a squirrel cage induction motorbeing preferred, is connected to the shaft 18, through gears 9394.

The motor 92 runs continuously, rotating the shaft 18 at substantiallyconstant speed and, by the belt 62, drives the shaft 19 at differentspeeds corresponding to the relative diameters of the pulleys 808|. Thescrew 89 is rotatable in alternate directions as referred to by areversible adjusting motor-95 connected to it through gears 969|..-Any-suite able motor and reversing control therefor may be provided,that shown comprising a. squirrelcage induction motor 95, connected tosupply mains 9899|00, by wires |.0|-|02-.|03 through forward and reversepush -button.contactors .IM and H15. Normally the contactors I04 and I05are open and the motor 95 at rest. Upon closing one contactor the' motor,93 starts, and runs'in one direction and upon closing the othenit runsin the other direction, the electrical reversing connections shown beingconventional, and not require ing description in detail. v

The spider element 14 of the difierentialgeare ing H is connected to theshaft .18, and the differential gear 11 is connected toachain sprocketWheel I06; and the shaft 19 has a sprocketwheel I01 connected thereto,aligned withthe sprocket wheel H16, and .a sprocket chain I08 connectsthe two sprocket wheels, lllfiand |0|-.-, v.

The part of the variable speed transmission shown at I will berecognized as one of the Reeves? type; but such atransmission has beenchosen for illustrative purposes, only; and as such is not an essentialpartof the invention; and it will be understood that anywQther type ofvariable-speed-ratio transmission may be used with which the mechanical.connections to thedifferential gearing E canbe made and which hasarotary speed ratio adjusting element correspond:

ing to the screw 89.

The screw 89 has a gear I09 thereon meshed with a gear ||0 connected toone end of a. rotary shaft III, the other end of'w'hich is connected tothe rotary contact 5| of the rheostat 49.

The operation of the above described apparatus will now be given.

As to the transmission part B, ofthe: power unit A, a generaldescription of such apparatus as a reversing power unit may be found inthe'patent of Lev A. Trofimov, Number 2,464,275, issued March 15, 1949;and in view of that patent a brief description'will suflice here,althoughhere the direction of the torque output lis'alwayfs inFor'purposes of description it will here'be first assumed thati'thecontabt is on some midpoint of theresi'stor 55, and that the twofield windings are equally energized, or at least energized relativelyto cause the generators 4'|'42 to'produce equal output voltages whendrivenat the same speed.

Preferably the twodiiferential gearings C and D are alike as to sizeofgears etc. The spider 23 applies'equaltorques to the gear '32and tothe generator 4|; and the' spider 21 applies the same equal torquestothe geari34 and the generator 421 The gears 32 and 34 tend to be drivenin opposite directions, and, being subjected to equal torques and bothmeshed with the gear 35; they 'apply their equal torques to the gear35in opposite directions, and are held from rotating thereby; and thegenerators 4|42 therefore will be driven, and in opposite'directions andat twice the speed of the spiders 232|. Thegenerators 4|'42,-generateopposite equal voltages in the loadcircuit 43-44, and therefore noload'current flows; and all torques are therefore negligibly small,"intheseassumed idling conditions.

If now, more-as in practice,'the contact 54 be rotated from' its assumedmid-position; clockwise, as viewed in the drawing, energization of thefield winding 45 will be increased and that of winding 46 decreased} thevoltage of the generator 4| "will: exceed that'of generator 42; and

load current will flow from generator 4| in the load circuit 43 -44through the generator 42,

causing it to act as a motor.

The generator 4|, now being loaded, requires more torque to drive it,and'it takes this increased torque from the spider 23, and an equalincreased torque is developed on'thegear 32',

tending to drive it in the same direction as the 30 causes it to reacton the spider 21 and applythe torque to difierential gear 29 and gear 34in the direction opposite to that'of the assumed idlingconditions, thustending to drive the gear 34 in the same direction as the gear 32. Thetorque of gears :32 and. 34 are thus applied to the gear 35 both in thesame direction and the gear 35 and the shaft l6 are rotatably driventhereby; and, as described, the coil I0 is thereby driven in thewinding"direction by the shaft It.

From the foregoing it will beseen that if the output shaft" I6 be atrest or rotating at low speed, the generator and motor speeds will behigh and the'torque applied to the shaft |6 will be high; and that athigher and higher speeds of the output shaft I6, the torque applied toit will be correspondingly less and less; this being the outputtorquespeed characteristic of the unit A.

For each certain speed of the shaft l6 therefore itdeuvers a'corresponding certain torque; and the actual value ofthe-deliveredcertain torque may be changed by changing the posi tion of the rotarycontact 54.

Current to the field windings 45-45, at any setting of the'contact '54,iiows'to the contact 5| and through part-of theresistance 52, of

rheostat 49. If the contact'5l be moved to cut out some of ther'sistance52 it will increase the field strength of generator 4l' 'and increase"its assesses? generated load .tcurrent and the torque Thor-drive it,and hence increase the torque on shaft 16* as described: The.torque-speed characteristic above described willnot be changed-thereby,but all 'values of delivered torque will be increased.

Thus as will be apparent. from 'theforegoing, the torque of output shaft16 maybe-kept at a constant value for different certain speeds bymovement of contact 54; and the actual amount of said:constanttorque-value at such "spe'eds'can be changed by moving contacti IAssuming now that, as in practice,=the power unit- A is running and thatthe rheostat ill) is adjusted'asadescribed to cause-the shaft It to.apply'torque to the coil lifl through the 'rolls' I4-'-I5 to drive it;the strip 4 will be'drawn'from'. the coil 3, and-will drive the roll 9and'thereby shaft I2 and differential gear: $2 of gearing E.

The gear 62 reacting on'the differential gear I53 will drive the spider.BILand, through the 73 of the brake mechanism Finthe direction to exertmore braking action .on the brake drum 68';

Inthe absence of'any corrective provision; this would slow down thestrip speed more and more, and slow downthe drive shaft I6 at the unitAmore andmore and cause the torquev at shaft It to rise more and more anddevelop continuously increasing tension in the strip 4.

However, in practice, the unit'G is also in operation, being driventbythe motor '92. The shaft 18 thereof :rotates the spider 14 of thegearing H; directly, androtates the differential" gear 'I'! at a speeddetermined by'the rotated position of the screw 89 of. the unit I; sothat'thedifferential-gear T6 of the 'gearing- H has a correspondingrotary speedgaand it rotates'the differential' gear iit ofthe gearing Ein the direction opposite to that'of thediiferential gear 62 driven bythe strip 4.

The speed of difierential gear 76 may be ad justably changed by changingthe speed of gear I! andv this is done by rotating the screw 89- of theunit I bymomentarily closing either the con tactor IE4 or the contactorI95; and thereby the speed of differential gear I6 and 63 :connectedtogether, maybe increased or decreased. This may be considered as apre-set adjustment, and

when the speedof the difierentia-lgear '62, of the unit E is equal'tothe speed of the gear-63',

the spider' 6! will cease to rotate and the brakeaction will stopchanging, and thus: a constant adjusted or pre-set speed "of Ithe' stripwill be maintained.

Whenwvinding of the strip begins, a desired speed and tension forthe-strip may be chosen.

The power unit A by its output shaft It, draws the strip G from the-coil3, and-produces tension in the strip due to the said braking action. Thespeed of the strip may be adjusted as described to the chosen value. atthat speed maybe adjusted to the chosen value by adjusting the rheostat50, and the strip will then have the chosen speed at the chosen tension.

If now it be desired to change the speed of the The tension in-the stripstrip without changing the strip tension, this is provided for asfollows.

When the unit I is adjusted, by rotating the screw 89, say to increasethe speed of the strip 4 it increasesthe speed of differential gear 16and S3, and the spider fiil rotates and'this turns the camlt in thedirection to reduce the brake action of the brake unit F to allow thestrip to have a greater constant-speed;

, characteristic.

8%. In theabsence of other provisions, this in= crease of strip speedwouldcause the output shaft l6 of power unit A: to increase in speed,and its torque to fall, because'zof the said torque-speed for, byturningv therheostat 49 to increase the torqueas described. Forconvenience, the contact 5| "of rheostat 59 may be connected by a shaftIII and gears Nil-I09 to the adjusting:

screw 89 so that turning the screw 89 to increase the strip speed alsoadjusts the rheostat 49 to restore the torque or maintain it andmaintain the striptension;

Knowing the speed-torquecharacteristic of the power unit A, and thechange of strip speed for each'turn of the screw 89, the ratio of thegears lIl9-'IIII and the resistance of the resistor 52' per unit oflength is readily predetermined so' that rotation of the screw'89 by anincrement to increase the strip speed as aforesaid, is accompanied by aconcurrent compensating increment of movement'of the contact 5i in thetorque increasing direction; which results in maintaining the torquewithout change at the increased strip speed; and the unchanged torqueresults in unchanged or constant strip tension; and this obtainsthroughout the winding operation, and throughout the-increase ofdiameter of the coil because the'torque is always'applied tangentiallyto the coil.

If now it be desired'to change the strip tension at any adjusted stripspeed, without changing the speed, the rheostat 50 is adjusted byrotating the contact 54in one direction or the other, which, asexplained above, due' to the torque-speed characteristic, changes thetorque of the output shaft I6.

If, for example, the torque of the shaft It be increased in this manner,it tends momentarily to increase the. speed of the strip 4; but anyincrease of strip speed will increase the speed of the roll 9, shaft I2and differential gear 62. Differential gear 63 is running at a fixedspeed determined by adjustment of the unit I; so that .-now thespider 60is rotated b the di'fierence be adjusted to any desired speed, and forall strip speeds, the strip tension will remain constant; but the striptension can be adjusted at any speed by the rheostat 50.

A wide range of strip speed adjustment is :provided by the unit G,because the speed of the differential gear '11 can be changed to anyspeed from zero to a high speed. by adjustment of the speed ratio of thebelt pulleys 3il8lthrough a practical range of only 4 to l.

the rheostat 50. 1

In Fig. 2 is illustrated, another means, or modification, for braking orresisting rotation ofthe supply coil 3 for the described purposes.

J and K constitute a transmission, and are part of a braking unitindicated generally at-M;

The gearing J comprises a spider element H2 rotatably supporting pinionsI I3'II'3 meshed with fldifierential gears, :l I 4-4 15. The gearing KThat .can then be compensatedv A wide range of tensions is also providedby.-

Two difierential gearings indicated generally atcomprises a spiderelement H6 rotatably supporting pinions II'I I I'I meshed withdifferential gears II8-I I 3. The spider elements I I2 I I6 haveperipheral teeth meshed at 'I20. The gears II4 and IIS are connectedrespectively to gears I2I and I22, both meshed with a gear I23 connectedto the shaft2 pf the strip supply drum ,I. I i The gears I I and II9 areconnected respectively to units I24-I25 constructed like direct currentgenerators or motors and at this point the unit I24 will be consideredas a generator, and the unit I25 as a motor. The generator I24 has aclosed local series load circuit connected to its brushes, comprisingWires I26 I2'I. The generator I24 may generate current in the loadcircuit which includes the motor I25 in series to drive it. I

The generators I24 and motor I25 have separately excited field windingsI28-I 29 respectively energized from direct current mains I30--I3I,through a potentiometer type rheostat I32, comprising a resistor I34 anda rotary contact I33. Current from the main,|30 goes to the rotarycontact I33, and there divides, and part going through one side of aresistor I34 of the rheostat, by wire I35, to the field winding I28,thence by wire I36, to the main I3I; and the other part going throughthe other side of the resistor I34, by wire I31, to the field windingI29, and thence by wire I38, to the main I3 I. The rotary contact I33 isconnected to the spider Bfl of gearing E through shaft I39, and gears61, 65,- 64.

For some midpoint of the contact I33, the

two fields I20I29 are equal, or balanced, to

cause the units I24- 425 to develop equal potenv tials, and atotherpoints the voltage of one is greater than that of the other. i

'The shaft I2 goesfrom the roll 9 to the differential gearingE, asitdoes in Fig. 1 and drives the differential gear 62 thereof as in Fig, 1;the spider 60, and the gears BI to 6'I all being reproduced from Fig. 1,I

A motor I40, preferably a squirrel Cage induction motor as shown ismechanically connected to the spider IIB by a pinion IIII driven by themotor I40 and meshed with the spider, and is electrically connected tomains I42-I42. V

In general, unwinding of the strip 4 from the drum I, rotates it and itsshaft 2, and by means of the gearings J-K, the power supplying motor I40is driven as a generator and supplies power back to the mains I42, and ahold-back load torque or braking action is thereby effected :on

the shaft 2 and drum I.

Thegenerator I40 has the construction of a squirrel cage induction motorwhich could be driven as a motor by, alternating current from the mainsI42--I42'; but as is well known when such a motor is mechanically drivenabove synchronous speed, the curve oftorque to drive it rises verysteeply, very much the same as the output torque curve rises when itdelivers power as a squirrel cagemotor and is mechanically loaded toreduce its speed below synchronous fi H V M Other types of electricgenerators, C. or A. C. may be employed as the generator I40 but asquirrel cage induction motor type is'preferred because of itssimplicity andits rapidly rising torque as aforesaid when driven as agena -y 1 For purposesof explanation it will first beassumed that thefields of the units I24-I25 are equally energized by their fieldwindings I28-I 23 bysome midposition-of-the rheostat contact-J33;

. l0 and the drum I and shaft 2 are at rest; and that the unit I40 isconnected to the mains I42'I'42 and runs as a motor and drives the twospiders II6I I2 in opposite' directions.

Torque from thespider'II'IZ, under these assumed conditions, dividesequally between :dii'ferentialgears H4 and H5; 'andtorque' from thespider ,I I6- likewise divides equally between differentialgears'll8'lll,

This'tends to drive the connected pairs of gears II4I2I and I'I8I22 inopposite directions thesameas the spiders II2I I6, but the gearsI2I'-"I22 beingb'oth meshed with the gear I23, no rotationoccurs; andthe units I24-425 are driven in'opposit'e'directions, and at twice thespeed of the spiders, II2 --II6,'

The unitsII24 -I25'having equal fields, under these assumed conditions,their output potentials are equal and opposite, and no load currentflows in the load circuit I26I2I and no torque is developed at'the units124 425. j

All torques in, the transmission, under these assumed conditions, arenegligibly small, and the motor I40 will run "at substantiallysynchronous p g I .l .I If new the rheostat contact I33 be movedcounterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 2, to a position at the left, of saidmidpesition, at which the field winding I29 of unit I25 will beenergised morestrongly than the windin g. uzaqfjumt I24, the unit I25will actas a generator and generate current in the circuit I2 6 I2l anddrivejthe unit I24asamotorf Torque ie irs to ive t a o dd ene tor I25and is taken from the power' driven spider IIIi driving the gear IIS andan equal torque consequently is developed on the gear H8 and itsconnected gear I22, the latter applying its torque to the gear I23 shaft2, :and roll- I, and in, the direction to drive th roll in the forwardor unwinding direction or clockwise as fi -a The generatedload currentgoing to the motor I24 drives it as a motorand its develo ed, torque onthe gear IIBreacts onthe spider II2 and develops an equal torque on thegear I I4 and its connected gear I2I, the latter applying its torque tothe gear I23, and shaft 2 in the direction to apparatus isstartedupbecause until the roll I begins to rotate clockwise thespeed-set gear 63of gearing E will rotate faster than gear 62; and the action ofthespider 60 of the gearing E will rotate the contact I33 rcounterclockwise as will be understood from ,the descriptionhereinbefore. H This counterclockwise rotation of the contact I33effects more andmore driving torque on the roll I and coil 3 and thelatterrapidly speeds up toward a speed for the strip, at,which ,thespeeds of the gears 32 and 63 of gearing E would become equal, and thecontact I33 would stop moving counterclockwise If" the contact l33 lwereto come topaillio sition corresponding to which the roll I and coil 3and strip 4 being wound on the roll I I would go. so fast that the gear,62 at the gearing E (whose speediscontrolled by; the strip speed) wouldgo faster than the genes, ,the spider 60 wqi ld r e; n jmol hasonteclf 3geared;

wise and reduce the forward driving torque on ther'oli and thepowerdriven speed of "the roll.

The contact I33 thus tendsto come' tb "the mid position at whic'hnodriving power would be applied to theroll' 't, but doesnot actually dosobecause the power unit A winding the strip on the roll! I I constantlytends to causethe' gear 6'2 togo faster than thegear and the contact I33therefore will alwayscome to a counterclockwise position, correspondingtda' forward power driven speed fonthe roll hat which'th'e tangentialspeed or strip speed therefrom, is less than the speed' of the stripbeing'woundon the'roll II. The strip therefore overhauls the rolr I and"the roll fI- is strip-driven faster than it tends to be power driven.This causesthe mechanism M to exert braking *ac'tion'onthe strip andcauses tension to-be deteioped'in' it as foll'ows. e 4

Overhauling the roll" I and increasing its speed above that produced by'the'power supplying motor I40; causes tliegears" I2I-+fI 4"-and* thegears Hi l-t8 to be driven in the same direction by'the-gear I 23;Thespidenf-lzis drivenfoppositely to the spider II6. The spider-H13 isdriven in thesame' direction as the'gears" I 2 I --I I4 and the spiderH2 'oppositelyfto thejg'e'ars I2l II 4=. Thus the gear H5 and-unit mwillbe driven in the-same direction-as the spider H2.

driven" in the same direction; and theunit I'M will act asageneratoranddrive"the'*unit' as a motor. 7

Torque to drive the generator I' ZE' comes" from the gears IZI -HS andis-"su p pliedby the overhauling roll- I and tendst'o retard it,exerting a bra-king action-thereon. v I

The motor I25 applies tor ue t'0"th e gear H9 to driveit. The gears ln'l I 8 are being; driven "by the overhauling" roll I. Both H 8 thereforereact on the spider" II 6 to overdrive it in the same direction it'isbeing-driven, andthis drives the motor f' t'il-abovesynchronism anditbeco'rhes'a generators'upplyirig current back into the1ine= I4 2".Thetorq'ue to-thii's overdrive the motor [-46- comes from thefn iotorfI'2'5 and from the gear I-fljand thetorque of 'thje latter comes fromthe roll I and tends-tdretard it and also exerts a: braking actionthereon.

Braking action by the unit M? "ash/wholeis.

thus developed by'p'ov'ver drivingtherollW- at a relatively low speedbut overhauling 15y the strip 'ata higher speed, against the oppositionof the transmissionand agair-ist the driving-of the power motor i40 as agenerator.

Asaforesaid; upon starting up" the apparatus, the coil 3-' is power-driven' to accelerate it and bring it up to the speed of operation: isone of 'the particular advantages ofthe-inventionin another aspect;

In some cases, the roll I and the coil 3 thereon may be of very greatweightamrmertmand it wouldbe undesirable to subjectthe strip to thetension that"would--'beproduced thereon-by the windingunit A tostart-and at;cd-z-l e'ratethe roll I. By the operation-abovedescribedinconnection with the braking; action of the "unit- M, the roll I ispower driven td-start' accelerate 'itg and the greater itsinertia,"a'ncl the inure slowly it tends to accelerate; *the -greater theacceleratihg power'appliedto it. v U

With either braking mechanism, that"at i F,

ofsmaller radius "due 0 unwinding; tension in the strip would increaseif the-'i'eguiated braking gears H9 and torque remained at a fixedvalue; but-stitchincrease of strip tension will tend to slow db'w-ii thestrip as described for Fig. 1', and this will adjust the braking actionto a smaller amount as described, so that changes or strip tension dueto decreasecf diameter of the unwinding coil 3- are automaticallyprevented.

Changes of diameter of winding coil as winding goes on has- 'no effectbecause it is driven at its circumference as described.

Inthe foregoing the invention has been described as winding stripmaterial as it comes from a supply wound ona' drum; and brakingmechanism, in the operation'of the invention, acts on the drum. Thereare-cases in which it is desirable to Wind stripmaterial coming fromsources of strip supply other than a wound drum; and to exert brakingaction thereonasaforesaid.

In Fig. 3- is illustrated, fragmentarily, onesuch modification of theinvention.

The strip as at 4 A comes from an-y'sourc'e or supply Of'strip; and onits way to the above described" tier of rolls 5-1-9 of Fig. l is grippedThe strip 4 is drawn through the rolls-as it is wound on the drum II bythe mechanism of Fig. l and drives the roll I 45 in the same manner asit drives the ron 9* as described.

The'sh-aft 2 is connected at"one/end. to'the 'rol1 I45 and driventhereby; and'at the other endhas differential connections-"witheitherthe braking unit F'of Fig. lor the brakingun-it 'M of Fig. 2 asdescribed for the'shaft 2 of otherwise is the same as that of Fig. 1 orFig.2.

As to the power supplying motors ZI' and Q2 of Fig. 1'; and theinotor Iof Fig; 2 when braking is to be done by the unit'M; they will in generalbe started and brought up to fiill speed all at the same time in whichevent the respective supply wires to-the motors Ina-y all be connectedtoa common supply of current through a well known common motor startingcontact'o'r' or apparatus,- not shown.

However the motors have been shown-as having separate currentsupplyconductors asindicating that starting contactors or other startingapparatus may be provided individually for "each motor and the motorstherefore's'tarted'and brought u'pto speed at di fier'enttimes ifdesired.

I claim-2' 7 1-. A- strip material winding apparatus-,"com- 'pri'sing; awinding drum adapted to be"d'riv'en by power to- Wind stripmateriaI'thereon; 'a

rotary element arranged to be rotated "by the strip asit is being-wound;brake mechanism braking rotation of the rota-ryelement; mechanis'mresponsive to thelinear'spe'ed of the strip as it is being Wound andcontrolling the brake "mechanism to increase the braking.- action uponan increase of' stripspeed and to decrease "it 2.- A strip materialwindingmechanism cornprisin a: winding drum; ai'po wer' unitapplingtorque to the drum to drive it to wind st'rip elethe strip; mechanismresponsiveto changes of linear speed of the strip above or below apredetermined value as it is being wound, and controlling the brakemechanism to respectively'increase and decrease the braking action upona tendency for the strip speed to increase or decrease above or belowsaid predetermined value, effective to maintain the strip speed at saidpredetermined value.

3. A strip material winding mechanism com.- prising; a winding drum; apowerunit' applying torque to the drum to drive it to wind strip prisingadjusting means to adjust the predetermined value of speed to which itresponds;

and adjusting means to adjustthetorqueof the power unit to cause it tomaintain constant tension'in the strip atv all predetermined speedvalues.

4. A strip material winding mechanism comprising; a winding drum; apower unit applying torque to the drum to drive it to wind stripmaterial thereon; a rotary element arranged to be rotated by the stripbeing wound; brake mechanism braking rotation of the rotary element,whereby said torque produces tension in the strip; mechanism responsiveto changes of linear speed of the strip above or below a predeterminedvalue as it is being wound, and controlling the brake mechanism torespectively increase and decrease the braking action upon a tendencyfor the strip speed to increase or decrease above or below saidpredetermined value, effective .to maintain the strip speed at saidpredetermined value; the mechanism comprising adjusting means to adjustthe predetermined value of speed to which it responds; and adjustingmeans to adjust the torque of the power unit to cause it to maintainconstant tension in the strip at all predetermined speed values; and aconnection betweenthe two adjusting means for effecting an adjustmentofthe torque concurrently with an adjustment of the predetermined speedvalue. I

5. A strip material winding mechanism comprising a winding drum forwinding strip material in a coil thereon; a-power unit applying torqueto the periphery of the coil to wind the strip material; brake mechanismbraking movement of the strip toward the drum, whereby the said torqueproduces tension in the strip; automatic speed responsive apparatuscausing the braking action to vary in response to tendency of stripspeed to change, effective to maintain the strip speed constant; thepower'unit comprising means to cause the drum-applied torque to beconstant, at constant drum speed effected by said constant strip speed,to maintain the strip tension constant.

6. A strip material winding mechanism comprising a winding drum, forwinding strip material in a coil thereon; a power unit applying torqueto the periphery of the coil to wind the strip material; brake mechanismbraking movement and the strip driven element; the power unit 5174 mentof the strip'toward the drum,-whereby'the said torque produces tensionin the strip; speed responsive apparatus causing the braking action tovary in responseto tendency of the strip speed to change, effectiveto-maintain the strip speed constant, and means to adjust the speedresponsive apparatus to change the constant speed; the power-unitcomprising means to cause the drum applied torque to --be constant atconstant strip speeds, and comprising means to adjust the con,-

stant torque. Vi Y 7; A strip material winding apparatus comprising: awinding drum; a power unit applying wrqueto the drum "to drive it towind strip material thereon; a rotary element arrangedto be driven; bymovement of the strip material toward the drum; brake mechanism brakingrotation of the rotary element; a speed reference unit having a rotaryoutput element rotating at a fixed speed; aydifierentialgearingcomprising three gearing elements; one element driven, by the outputelement of the speed; reference unit; means driving another element atspeed proportional to the strip l near S eed; a ro at n of t d lem ncontrollingthe effectiveness of the brake mechaism- 7 Va. A stripmaterial-winding mechanism com:-

prising a winding drum; a powerunit applying torque to the drum to driveit to wind strip inaterial thereon; brake mechanism braking move ment ofthe strip toward the drum whereby said torque produces tension in thestrip; a speedreference unit having a rotary output elementrotating at afixed speed, and an adjustment means to adjust the fixed speed;astrip-driven rotary .element driven by linear movement of; the striptoward the drum, at speed proportional to strip speed; a control forvarying the effectivenes s of the brake mechanism responsive to thedifference of speed of" the speed reference output elecomprisingelectric winding means, the degree of energization of which controls thevalue of .said torque applied to the drum adjustment means for adjustingthe energization of the winding means; interconnection means between theadjustment means of the speed reference unit and the adjustment means ofthe winding means,

whereby a change ofadjustment ofone effectsi'a concurrent change ofadjustment of the other.

9, A, strip material winding meohanisrn'comprising a winding drum; apower unit applying torque to the drum to drive it to wind stripmaterial thereon; brake mechanism braking movement of the strip towardthe drum whereby said torque produces-tension in the strip; a speedreference unit having a rotary output element rotating at-a fixed speed,and an adjustment meansto adjust the fixed speed; a strip-driven .rotaryelement driven by linear movement of the strip toward the drum, at speedproportional to strip speed; a control for varying the effectiveness ofthe brake mechanism responsive to the differ- .,ence of speed of thespeedreference output element and the strip driven element; the powerunit comprising electric yvinding means, the degree of energization ofwhich controls the value of said torque applied to the drum; adjustmentmeans for adjusting the energization of the winding means;interconnection means between the adjustment means of the speedreference unit and the adjustment means of the winding means, whereby achange of adjustment of one effects a concurrent change of adjustment ofthe other; and a second adjustment mean for changing amen-pas theehengizati on of' the Winding means: independently of: the said"interconnected adjustment I means;

1'0: A strip winding apparatus-comprising: a Winding drum; a power unitapplyingtorque to the drum-to drive-it to wind strip materialthereon; arotary element rotated by thee-'strip being Wound brake'mechanismbraking rotation of the rotary element; whereby said applied torqueproduces tension in the strip; fa-strip-driven element rotatably drivenby the linear movement of the strip toward; the drum at rotary speedproportional to the strip linear speed; a -power- :driven speedreference mechanism having a rotary output element adjustableto'difierent selected fixed rotary speeds; means controlling 'thebraking effect'ofthe brake mechanism responsive to the difference ofrotaryspeeds 'of thestrip driven element and the 1 speedreference'output element;

1 1-; A strip material winding apparatus comprising a power-supplyingunit; applyingto'rque-to a winding drum to wind a coil" of stripmaterial thereon, and constructed to*- deliverdifferent values ofconstant 'torqueat di'fierent' constant speeds; and comprisingmeans toadjust the-constant torque value at any constant speed; brakingapparatus braking movement of the-"strip toward the windingdrum--whereby torque applied to'thedrum produces tension in thestrip; stripspeed responsive apparatus causing the braking action to increase and*decrease in accordance with tendency of the strip speed 'to increase anddecrease totmaintain the strip speed constant, and comprising adjustingmeans'to adjust" the constant strip speed.

12. A strip material winding apparatus comprising a power-supplyingunit, applying-torque to a-winding drum to wind a coil of strip-material thereon, and constructed to deliver different values-"ofconstant torque at" different constant speeds, and-comprisingmeans toadjust'the constant' torque value at 1 any constant speed; brakingapparatus brakingmovement of the strip toward the Winding drum wherebytorque applied to the" drum produces tension in the strip; strip speedresponsive apparatus causing the braking actionto increase and decreasein accordance with tendency of the strip speed" to increase anddecreaseto maintain the strip speed constant, and comprising adjustingmeans to adjust the constant strip speed; thepowerunit-arranged to applythewinding torque to the periphery ofthe coil being woundon thedrum;whereby the apparatus winds the strip at adjUstablieconstant-speedandadjustable constant tension.-

13. An apparatus for Winding strip material in a first rotatablysupported coil and unwinding it'from a second rotatably supported coil;comprising: a motor driven transmission having-- a rotary output elementarranged to apply winding'torque to the outer periphery of thefirst-coil; the transmission having a torque-speedcharacteristicaccording to which the torque appliedby its output element decreaseswith increase of its speed and vice versa; brake mechanism-forvariablybraking'unwinding rotation of the' second coilwherebytorquesonsthesfirst coileproduces ten? sion in the stn p; ,azpowen. driven speed.reference mechanisnrnhaving;.azrrotarya'speed:xelement-randadjustingemeans;td-adjustthe speed of thespeed elementmndmaintaintitatLconstant selected fixed speeds;.. a. speed responsive =rotary elementand meanstoirotate itiat speeds corresponding to the linear-uspeedxof-zthe strip; alternately rotatable means for increasing and decreasingtthebraking effect tofzi'the ebrake:mechani sm..and. driven .difierentially;byi theispeeds oicthe said .speed element and the 1 said? speed;responsive :element and the transmission: comprising means. foradjustably varyingitheitorqueof its output element,

14;. .The iapparatus .idesoribedz in. claim 13 :and ,in which, the-.brake umechanism: comprises a brake drum driven bythe second .coilandsa brake shoe frictionally engaged? therewith; and mechanisminteroonnectingzthe brake shoe ands-the alternate- 1y rotatable means;BfiBQfiVS-L-tO i alternately increaserand decrease the-engagementfrictiom responsiye to alternate -rotary z movements moi. .thealternatelyirotatable means.

15:: The;apparatus-described; in. claim, 13. and in which the brakemechanism vcomprisesia; power driven braking transmissionihaving a.rotary. output'element, arranged to :apply retarding-torque to theseoondcoiltoyieldinglyoppose unwinding rotation thereofand thesbrakmgtransmission comprises imean'sn responsivev to alternate; movements ofthe alternately rotatable means efiective to u ncr ease and decrease 2the. retarding: torque.

16; In a; strip 1 material winding apparatus,- a windingdrum drivenubspaefirst; constantly running motortthroughinifirst ;transmission:to :Windstrip onthe drum; thfiisfiISt'jlSlfflIlSllfiSSiOH. being responsiveito;applyfirst motorctorquetothe drum that decreases as-the; drum speedincreases ,and

vice -versa-; afirstrlrotary element and; ajrseoond r rotary: elementeach", constrained. to rotate at. a

speed "corresponding;toithespeedofzthe strip toward"- the -.drum-; a:second'imotor of 1: an. electric type 1 that: can b eaoverdriven:andidevelop electric load supply.- line connected: thereto; ,1 connectedto the firstvrotaryi element :through a. second transmission; matspeedresponsivemechanism operated-by: the second; rotaryrelement; ,the:secand-transmission arrangedttorapplyz electric;.mo-

to torque; to; thee first; rotary;- element in, the

- strip movingi direction to: accelerate-it Lwhen the stripstarts tomove; and:.the second; transmission being responsive tozthew speed 1responsive mechanismwrtend to drivetthes first rotaryele- Norrederenceszcitedi V

